What Do You Know about Substations?

Definition of substation

Substation, a place where the voltage is changed. In order to transmit the electrical energy from a power plant to a more distant place, the voltage must be raised to high voltage, and then lowered as required near the customer; this raising and lowering of voltage are done by the substation. The main equipment in a substation is the switch and transformer.

Depending on the size, the smaller ones are called substations. Sub-stations are larger than substations. Substation: Generally the voltage level is below 110KV step-down substation; substation: including various voltage levels of "step-up, step-down" substation.

A substation is a power facility that transforms voltage, receives and distributes electrical energy, controls the flow of electricity and adjusts voltage in a power system, and links the grid at all levels of voltage through its transformers. A substation in a specific environment; is the process of converting AC-DC-AC. Like in submarine transmission cables and in long-distance transmission. Some use high-voltage DC transmission and transformation forms. DC transmission overcomes the capacitive resistance losses of AC transmission. It has an energy-saving effect.

The substation is mainly high voltage to medium voltage or high voltage to low-level high voltage, substation covers a large area, depending on the voltage level and capacity of different areas.

Location of substation

From the point of view of the economy of supply, the substation should be close to the load centre. From the point of view of production, the substation should not hinder production and in-plant transportation, and the transportation of the equipment in the substation itself should also be convenient. From the safety point of view, the substation should avoid flammable and explosive places. The substation should be located on the upwind side of the unit. In enterprises, it is not easy to locate in places where dust and fibres are easily deposited. The substation should not be located in a densely populated area. The siting and construction of the substation should also take into account the requirements for fire extinguishing, protection against corrosion, dirt, water, rain, snow, earthquakes and the prevention of small animals from burrowing in.

Role of substation

The substation is a transitional device connecting the power plant to the consumer. As the distance from the power plant to the cities and factories that use electricity is very far, and the voltage from the power plant is not high so that the current is very large, and the current is large, then the transmission line will generate a lot of heat according to Joule's law, which will lead to damage to the transmission line, and the conversion of the current into heat is also a loss, so the voltage of the power plant needs to be raised through the substation, to 500,000 volts, and then transported over long distances to cities and factories where we live, and then again through the local substations to reduce the voltage and codify it to our everyday 220 volts through distribution and other measures.

The information is provided by the substation supplier.